Photography is the process, activity and art of creating still or moving pictures by recording radiation on a radiation-sensitive medium, such as a photographic film, or an electronic sensor. Photography uses foremost radiation in the UV, visible and near IR i.e. Infrared spectrum. For common purposes the term light i.e. photo is used in stead of radiation. Light reflected or emitted from objects form a real image on a light sensitive area (film or plate) or a FPA (i.e. focul-plane array) pixel array sensor by means of a pin hole or lens in a device known as a camera during a timed exposure. The result on film or plate is a latent image, subsequently developed into a visual image (negative or dia-positive i.e. reverse film). An image on paper base is known as a print The result on the FPA pixel array sensor is an electrical charge at each pixel which is electronically processed and stored in a computer (raster)-image file for subsequent display or processing. Photography has many uses for business, science, manufacturing (Photo-lithography), art, and recreational purposes.
First known surviving heliographic engraving, made by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in 1825 by contact under an engraving with the "heliographic process". This seminal work was a step towards the first permanent photography from nature taken with a camera obscura, in 1826.
Nicéphore Niépce Oldest Photograph 1825.jpg (495 × 330 pixels, file size: 59 KB, MIME type: image/jpg).
As far as can be ascertained, it was Sir John Herschel in a lecture before the Royal Society of London, on March 14, 1839 who made the word "photography" known to the whole world. But in an article published on February 25 of the same year in an unknown and quite anonymous newspaper called the Vossische Zeitung, Johann von Maedler, a Berlin astronomer, used the word photography already. The word photography is based on the Greek φῶς (photos) "light" and γραφή (graphé) "representation by means of lines" or "drawing", together meaning "drawing with light".
A black & white image showing a (monochrome) photograph being developed.
Early color photograph taken by Prokudin-Gorskii (1915).
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